Assessment of a students personal learning style

Evaluation of an understudies individual learning style Any instructive course is constantly started with certain desires and wants to accomplish some particular objectives. These desires and expectations are consistently unexpected to some estimation just as some key intends to accomplish the set objectives. In this exposition I will try to compose an individual reflection on what I have realized after finishing the course .This will incorporate some evaluation of my own learning style and qualities and shortcomings, an expected work plan for my culmination of the degree, and the system I will mean to embrace for future paper composing. This will be a valuable archive to help me through the course just as a significant piece of my evaluation. These desires concerning their vital making arrangements for the achievement of the course are as per the following: My desires before the beginning of the B.Th. course at SLCC. Another learning involvement with London (SLCC). Investigation of learning possibilities and shortcoming. Assessment of my qualities and shortcoming to improve the mix-ups and deficiencies. The Assessment to pass judgment on my accomplishment and future intending to finish my degree at a particular decided time. MY EXPECTATIONS AND THE NEW LEARNING EXPERIENCE: It was normal by me that I would should experience the composed assessments as is told in my nation of origin, Pakistan. I was unconscious of the improved exploration learn at UK since I never investigated even at my Master qualification level examinations rather experienced a particular prospectus and assessment framework. I likewise thought to be set up for the assessment by packing the things as opposed to be imaginative disapproved of individual as I am currently. Learning through visual guides like motion pictures that are being appeared by Mercia time to time and utilization of PowerPoint in the workshops are extremely imaginative and another things to learn for me. These things left a perpetual impact on my memory as is likewise said that sharing time is a decent method of educating and one learns a great deal through hearing and seeing. Courses that are hung on certain events are likewise a decent wellspring of instruction as they simply acquire a slight change ones standard dreary daily schedule of learning work. Aside from this change, they likewise give an opportunity to gain proficiency with an exhaustive and long point inside a brief timeframe. These workshops are additionally a remarkable encounter for me as they educated me about the things occurring on a global level for example abuse of the Christian all through the world went as far as anyone is concerned at SLCC as opposed to my past information on mistreatment that was just constrained to the Bible. Conversation on some subject is a most ideal method of learning when contrasted with learning alone in light of the fact that in a gathering conversation various suppositions and thoughts are shared that draw out the most ideal answer of the confronted issue. Likewise, question answer technique for learn at SLCC additionally got certainty me to additionally investigate and clean my concealed gifts. I never had any plan to adapt to a climate where papers are composed by utilizing libraries and web since I was bad at web and never utilized any library coming to SLCC. Hence, use and use of library and the Internet made in me a feeling of interest for increasingly more just as right information. Investigation OF MY POTENTIALS AND WEAKNESSES:- I was acclimated with read books rather than e-learning or learning by web most definitely. A poor information on PC and web got me far from utilizing a web yet it is presently trusted that I will be utilized to it very soon in my next two years. The Subject of religious philosophy was constrained to scriptural principles just yet a connection with a multicultural domain at SLCC gave me a decent chance to learn philosophy at a wide canvas; for some African nations laid more accentuation on stereology in opposition to the Christology. On the off chance that I had not been here I would have not realized that I could compose and communicate in English effectively, in actuality I built up my English composing aptitudes here. An efficient and all around planned examination framework uncovered just as improved my qualities as an understudy as I will be adjusted to this framework to peruse the same number of books as conceivably I can. Particularly, the course of exploration and study abilities has been demonstrated the best source to make comfort for concentrate just as exposition composing. This course guided me to improve my investigation abilities by and large. It is said that voyaging is a piece of ones training. Nearby voyage through London and worldwide visits particularly of Israel is an enduring instructive encounter for me as an understudy of religious philosophy to become familiar with the Christian geological limits. Already I was not very much taught and consistently trusted that last minutes will get ready and complete my investigation errands however now I am sufficiently restrained to fulfill even the tight time constraints whether they are inside or outside of my examination circles. THE ASSESSMENT AND FUTURE PLANNING:- For the most part, a yearly and especially a week after week appraisal of my accomplishments is required so as to be responsible to myself to see whether I accomplish my set targets or not. This appraisal incorporates my instructive too money related commitments to the degree. I am being profited by an all around read personnel of SLCC to be granted with right Biblical and philosophical information to be empowered to compose my assignments. I am proposed to benefit all the accessible sources, for example, books, the Internet, motion pictures and diaries to introduce a decent scholastic and insightful work to get considerable outcomes in future. I should finish a base one article in seven days so as to finish my degree on schedule. Along these lines, remembering this tight and intense daily schedule of article composing I am resolved to be normal and prompt in participation to explain my ideas about religious philosophy with the goal that I will have the option to imitate my expositio ns without any problem. End: It very well may be inferred that finish of first year of B.Th. at SLCC as was normal and wanted by me, had been a brilliant scholastic and otherworldly experience for me as it featured shrouded characteristics and abilities in me. In this way I could investigate my abilities to improve my scholarly profession. Assessments of my shortcoming and qualities as an understudy additionally invigorated me to improve my deficiencies of poor information on examination and PC usage and utilize my past great information and aptitudes of English for the achievement of my objectives. The fruitful culmination of first year has injected in me a glorious soul to make a key arrangement of my ordinary appraisal and responsibility on week by week, month to month, mid-termly, mid-every year and yearly reason for the further accomplishment of my points most definitely. Quickly, the examination at a degree level is a very much arranged and vocation forming study. A Study at a degree level isn't simply degree-arranged rather it is an all around investigated and information situated examination which really builds up a ones character also shapes ones goal.

Service Line Development Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Administration Line Development - Term Paper Example Self paying patients have expanded from 5 to 8%. These progressions have been joined by a decrease in income from $461.5 million to $427 million †a 7.5% decay. This decay has prompted a decrease in the hospital’s net revenue from $23.075 million to a negative of $1.495 million †a decrease of 106.5%. This decrease in income seems to have been started by the loss of the Obstetrics program and the disintegration of general medical procedure volumes. The quantity of releases, understanding days, ADC, Surgeries, OP visits and ED visits. The main increment is identified with ALOS which expanded from 4.0 to 4.3. Zuckerman et al (2002) noticed that obligatory wellbeing upkeep associations (HMO) programs have positively affected the two grown-ups and kids and has brought about less reliance on crisis space for clinical consideration. There is an expansion in the utilization of deterrent consideration. Zuckerman et al (2002) additionally highlighted contrasts in access between individuals joined up with Medicaid oversaw care and low-salary secretly protected individuals. This distinction appears to have decidedly affected the level of patients utilizing Medicaid and Medicare while adversely affecting the level of patients utilizing the office who are guaranteed. Gaynor and Haas-Wilson (1999, p. ... The notices and phone discussions appear to point towards the authoritative attitude of decreasing installments to clinics. There are additionally changes in how doctors are repaid and this has suggestions for social insurance in the district. In any case, despite the fact that everybody is influenced Robert Holland who isn't legitimately utilized in the wellbeing area gives off an impression of being the main individual who realizes how to affect the administrative changes to the human services strategy. There is a dire requirement for development in human services strategies and the recommendation made by Robert Holland to the CEO †Morgan Reece of working all the more intimately with the Hospital Political Action Committee so as to outline input to the lawmakers is a decent one. An individual from the clinic board - Dr. Joint, who doesn't work at the Trinity Community Hospital is worried that Congress needs to either diminish repayment or keep it at a similar level while openi ng the entryways of clinical offices to millions. Dr. Joint shows that the installment to doctor isn't staying aware of cost increments thus the clinic won't have the option to enlist any new specialists. This appears to have been the issue when the Obstetrics administration was stopped at the emergency clinic. There is clearly a lack of specialists which can effectsly affect wellbeing administrations. This will likewise dismiss individuals from general wellbeing offices as they will want to pay more for private administrations so as to guarantee that they get quality social insurance. It along these lines implies that the individuals who can't bear the cost of private consideration are the main ones who will visit the medical clinic. Right now, just some fundamental arrangements can be managed according to

How to Write a Term Paper

How to Write a Term Paper Top 10 Tips to Write an Outstanding Term Paper Home›Education Posts›Top 10 Tips to Write an Outstanding Term Paper Education PostsThere are a lot of ways to write a bad term paper and you probably know or may have already practiced some of them. But what about the ways to write a term paper that can get you really good results? This article is focused exactly on that.Read it till the end and you will know how to write a term paper like a real expertChoose the right topicYou have a huge advantage if you were given the opportunity to choose the topic on your own, because you can get creative and select the topic that you’re really interested in. The more engaged you will be with the topic that you have selected the easier it will be for you to work on it. What are the questions that you want to find the answers to? If there are many questions like this, then choose the most interesting ones. If the topics that you have selected are too broad than try to narrow them down to somet hing that you can work with within the limitations of the term paper. In case you weren’t that fortunate and the topic was chosen for you, then you should think about the most interesting angle that you can look from. Whatever the topic or the angle on the topic you have chosen, you should make sure that it’s insightful, original in approach and something that readers will be fascinated with. Here are some additional tips on choosing the right topic for the research paper:Ask questions about the topic from the very beginning and till the end of your work, throughout all the stages. This will help you to look on the topic like on a hypothesis, rather than conclusions, which will definitely increase the quality of the term paper. If you utilize this approach, you should be ready to change your opinion as you’re writing.Reading opinions and comments of other people on the topic. You may find out that the further research is required or you may discover unanswered questions. In bo th cases, it would mean that you can make a contribution.  Do your researchInability to do the research makes many people buy term papers online. On the other hand, people don’t buy term papers if they know how to do the research and this is what we will teach you. Research is the stage of writing work where you start understanding the background of the topic and identifying the areas where further research is necessary. Don’t follow the temptation to write everything that you already know about the topic and leave yourself limited to that, because this way, you will learn nothing new. Start doing your research with a sense of openness and adventure and be willing to learn new things and discover new solutions to the old problems. Make sure to use primary (interviews, legal cases, original texts, experiments, documents, etc.) and secondary (interpretations of other people) sources. Discussing the topic with like-minded students on the campus or on the online forum would be a goo d idea.Polish your thesis statementWhen you have completed the research it’s time for reflection. What is the strongest point or idea that you want to discuss and that you believe you can prove and defend throughout the whole paper? This idea will become your thesis statement and you should make sure that your thesis is both engaging and thought-provoking. Otherwise, you will leave your readers bored and you don’t want it, do you?It is highly advisable to leave some space for flexibility. As you will be working on your term paper, you will discover new ideas, and this may lead you to reshaping your thesis statement a little bit. But don’t go to the extremes of constantly changing the thesis statement as you’re working on your term paper, because it will lead you nowhere. When you feel that your thesis statement is strong enough and takes into consideration all points of view on the investigated issue â€" you can stop improving it. Enough is enough!Create an outlineThere are people who skip this step, but skipping it is exactly what stands in a way of writing excellent essays. Outline helps you to remember where you are heading and what points you should visit until you reach the destination point. The outline is also a subject to changes, but even though it can be changed, it gives you a sense of structure and direction and this is very helpful for the end result. Outline is basically the skeleton of your paper, which you should fill with flesh, bones and skin, or in other words â€" necessary details. Here are the basic elements of the outline:Introduction, discussion section and summary.Explanatory or descriptive paragraphs, which should follow the introduction and set the theme or background.Argument paragraphs and analyses. Write main ideas for each paragraph.Questions you’re unsure about yet.Compose a killer introductionOnce you’re done with the outline, you can proceed to writing a draft of your essay. Start with the introduction. Among all ot her elements of your term paper, this one is the most likely to be rewritten. For this reason many experienced students advise not to start writing the paper with the introduction but rather with body paragraphs and write the introduction in the end. The most important thing about the introduction is this: it should be the most engaging part of your term paper, because it sets the stage for what’s to come on the following pages. If it’s dull, no one is going to continue reading your term paper! Whenever you decide to write introduction, use HIT method:Hook your audience by using a catchy quote or a thoughtful question.Introduce the topic. Be straightforward, clean and succinct.Thesis statement. You already know how to write a good one from the previous point.Remove reader’s doubts in body paragraphsWhile your readers are reading the introduction, different questions may pop up in their minds. In the body paragraphs, you should make sure to address all these questions. Each par agraph should address one argument and back it up with sufficient and solid evidence. In order for your term paper to run smoothly, the last sentence of your paragraph should serve as a transition to the next paragraph.Write a strong conclusionStrong conclusions are easy to write if you know the ROCC What’s this? Let’s take a look:Restate the thesis statement.One crucial detail, which is often mentioned in the last paragraph.Conclude â€" what’s the outcome?Clincher â€" leave readers with some food for thought.Don’t forget about formattingOne of the elements of answering the question “how to write a term paper?” is this â€" do the right formatting. Even if you have an excellently written work, you can still get an average grade if your paper has poor formatting. If you’re unsure which formatting style you should use for your paper, clarify this question with your professor or department. Pay special attention to formatting quotes in accordance with the necessary style. Here are a couple of tips in terms of style that you should follow:Don’t simply copy-paste the ideas of other people. Readers want to know your opinion.In order to avoid the last minute scramble, sort the bibliography from the very beginning.  Build musclesYou may have written a lot of sentences, which convey your ideas. But is it really the best way to convey your ideas or you can improve it somehow? Examine all sentences in your term paper and replace vague language with strong words. All to-be verbs should be replaced with stronger action verbs. Instead of I was writing my dissertation use I wrote the dissertation.Proofread scrupulouslyYour job won’t be finished until you proofread your paper carefully a couple of times. Unfortunately, you can’t write a perfect paper without taking the time to polish it. If your professor notices little mistakes here and there, which your spell-checker hasn’t noticed, you won’t get an A+ for your term paper. Decent grammar, punctuation and spelling should be a must.Congratulations!Now you know how to write a term paper like a pro!

The Matrix, By Keanu Reeves - 1120 Words

In the Wachowski’s action film â€Å"The Matrix†, many different philosophical ideas and theories are explored, including the idea of Free Will versus Determinism. The movie’s main character â€Å"Neo† (Portrayed by Keanu Reeves) is labelled as â€Å"The One†, and is used as a catalyst to represent these philosophical ideas. The Oracle is used as a representation of Determinism, whilst Neo is used as a symbol for Free Will. These representations in turn relate to thefamous philosophical theories ofby philosophers including William James and Arthur Schopenhauer. In The Matrix, Thomas Anderson is any ordinary man living in what he perceives as the â€Å"real world†. What he comes to find, is the world is merely a dream-like computer simulation, and every person around him is just asleep believing what they see is real. Anderson meets Morpheus, who believes it has been prophesied that his coming would hail the destruction of the Matrix, end the war; bring freedom to our people.(Matrix Wiki, 2016). Anderson will be the one to free everyone from the Matrix, and find ultimate freedom. Immediately, the ideas of free will versus determinism are demonstrated as Morpheus has been searching for Neo for all his life, and it was prophesied he will come to exist, which becomes true. In the film, the Oracle is used as a representation of Hard Determinism. The Oracle s powers of precognition appear amazingly accurate, even knowing that Neo was about to knock over a vase in her kitchen. She leaves Neo inShow MoreRelatedThe Matrix, By Keanu Reeves1438 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Internet were getting popular, the Wachowski brothers decided to make a movie to inform the world of the dangers of letting technology control our lives. The movie, The Matrix, is a film about how humans have become brainwashed and confined in a highly technological time. The main character Neo, played by Keanu Reeves, is a professional coder by morning and an illegal hacker by night. The plot begins to roll when he is dragged into a world of agents and gravity defying action. This film showsRead MorePhilosophical Analysis of the Matrix793 Words   |  4 PagesREACTION PAPER IN PHILOSOPHY (THE MATRIX MOVIE) In life, we have two choices: to accept the painful reality of the real world, and to believe the illusion of a perfect world. This was evident in the movie The Matrix (1999). The characters in the film, especially the main character Neo, have to choose to live in ignorance in what one believes to be reality; or to awake to the truth that what one sees as reality is an illusion. Oftentimes, I prefer to believe in wonderful ideas, the fantasy worldRead MoreViolence In Films Essay720 Words   |  3 Pagescan be shot and you can expect an 18 certificate. Is this because it is more realistic or influential to young people? The Matrix certificate 15 was made in 1999 and was directed by the Wanchowski brothers and stars Keanu Reeves and Laurence Fishbourne. In the hotel lobby scene there is a lot of unrealistic violence. Neo (Keanu Reeves) and Trinity (Laurence Fishbourne) and taking on a lot of agents. The scene starts with a close up on Neos boots then a shot ofRead MoreMatrix Essay Matrix938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Matrix† is an action-packed, Oscar-winning, sci-fi extravaganza starring Keanu Reeves as Neo. Buddhism is an ancient religion built on the teaching of the original Buddha with a goal to reach nirvana. On first glance these two things could not be more different from each other, or could they be? In actuality, â€Å"The Matrix† encompasses many central themes of Buddhism like freeing the mind, and uses images such as spoons and mirrors. The need to free the mind is a core element of both BuddhismRead MoreEssay Wordsworth’s Sonnets and Technology541 Words   |  3 PagesToday people are more entertained from watching TV and movies than by books, but Wordsworths solution can still work. Movies and television can still present people with morals and customs to appreciate nature by telling a visual story--the film The Matrix tells a story of how people have relied so much on technology that one day the machines started to run them--rather than a written one, and they can appeal to a larger audience compared to books. Throughout his sonnets, Wordsworth states problemsRead MoreThe Movie, The Matrix, Written and Directed by the Wachowski Brothers is the Ultimate Marxist Metaphor717 Words   |  3 PagesThe movie The Matrix, written and directed by The Wachowski brothers, can be seen as the ultimate Marxist metaphor. Its basic premise is that the world as we know it is fake; it is a â€Å"computer simulated dreamworld†, mimicking our own world of the late 90s, called the Matrix. In charge of the Matrix itself is a seemingly malevolent sentient machine species. Even worse, the sole purpose of this simulation is to control humanity, which has been enslaved inside the simulation for several hundreds ofRead MoreFilm Analysis of The Matrix Essay754 Words   |  4 PagesFilm Analysis of The Matrix The Matrix is a movie about computers taking over the world and how one man changes everything. The opening shot is a shot of computer generated pixels, next there is a reverse zoom shot which reveals the word ‘searching’. A computer sound is then played, which sounds like something is downloading. The reverse shot is than cut, which shows Keanu Reeves, known as Neo, lying down on his head, looking pale whilst listeningRead MoreThe Matrix Film Analysis747 Words   |  3 PagesThe Matrix is a 1999 science fiction action film written and directed by the Wachowskis, starring Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Joe Pantoliano, and Hugo Weaving. This film constructs a dystopian fiction because the computer fabricates what you hear, smell, see, taste and even touch. The computers feel that by controlling every minute detail of what humans are allowed to experience they are bettering the human’s lives while also preserving their own. The music wich is mostlyRead MoreEssay on The Matrix577 Words   |  3 PagesThe Matrix The Matrix has been doing remarkably well in sales since its release in the cinema last summer and its recent video releases. This is largely due to stylish advertising techniques and word of mouth. The Matrix has been approved by critics who enjoy the film and also the ones who dislike the theme. Among young viewers, it has already achieved great status. So what else is the film about? Firstly the film copies the theme from many popular films that came before it, and involves intelligentRead More Breaking Free in The Matrix Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesBreaking Free in The Matrix      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Eighteenth-century Enlightenment philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau begins his infamous discourse The Social Contract by stating, Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they. Both Platos Allegory of the Cave from The Republic and the Wachowski Brothers hit film The Matrix discuss mans efforts on his journey towards illumination to break free of his chains

Progression of Black Masculinity - 2036 Words

Nearly every decade consists of at least one film that helps to define the development of a generation. The film is able to paint a clear enough picture that not only captures the cultural aspects of the generation but also portrays the social implications and complexities associated with the environment the culture thrives in. In regards to the genre of hip hop and rap and its relationship with black life and urban imagery for example, Cooley High may be representative for a generation that was in their 20’s during the debut of the movie. The next generation of the 1980’s would most likely be able to understand the interworking’s of the movie Krush Groove whereas the generation of the 1990’s would more than likely link themselves to such films as New Jack City and Juice. These films depicting the rise of black boys to black men were in rarity during their debut and because of the popular actors and underlining themes in them have had a significant long la sting impact on people of color as well as young white Americans that have been somewhat interested in the everyday struggle of their inner city counterparts. Through a careful analysis of films such as Krush Groove depicting black life in the 1980’s to the urban imagery displayed in the 1990’s movies of Juice and New Jack City the progression of the portrayal of young black males can be observed as well as the difference in viewpoints on black humanity, and stereotypes. Minorities have overcome significant hurdles in theShow MoreRelatedMedia and Visual Culture Interpreted the Notion of Black Masculinity774 Words   |  3 PagesBlack masculinity has been a very intricate and compelling notion. Through media and visual culture, an operational interpretation of black masculinity was coined. From the emergence of the original gangster (OG), to the successful, intellectual middle class black male-Cliff Huxtable as evidenced by a fictional character in the Cosby show. As more black celebrities advance in their career, more specifically comedians, they further define and challenge the image of black masculinity. When it comesRead MoreThe Beliefs Of Misconceptions And Gender, Race, And Sexuality1472 Words   |  6 Pagesshaped by gender, race, and sexuality that frame Black men and women’s treatment of one another, as well as how African Americans are perceived and treated by others† (p.7). These ideas encapsulate a false understanding of the issues surrounding the persecutions the black community undergoes frequent. The notion of Black sexual politics addresses many connotations influencing behaviors as well as analyzing the reasons as to what affects explain the Black injustice created within our social structureRead MoreGay, Lesbian, And Queer Essays On Popular Culture909 Words   |  4 Pageshomophobia is rampant in not just the black community, but all communities. Theses essays takes a theoretical screen shot of how homosexuality was dealt with during the time of which this book was released. This book also shows the progression with the LGBT community from then to now. Ford, Zack. New Survey Debunks the Myth Of Black Homophobia. Think Progressive. N.p., 26 Feb. 2016. Web. 13 Apr. 2016. Ford’s article challenges what the world is saying about black homophobia. It gives reasoning behindRead MoreSexuality, Gender, Masculinity, And Sexual Orientation991 Words   |  4 Pagesfor males. Despite the progressions society has made in accepting the LGBTQ+ community, there is still a long way to go to de-genderize sexuality, or to unlink sexuality, gender identity, and gender roles. As seen in various studies including â€Å"The Complex Negotiations of Gender Roles, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation† by Nagoshi et. al, â€Å"Does Nature Rule? A Sex Reassignment Tragedy† by Lindsey, and â€Å"‘I Always Felt I Had to Prove My Manhood’: Homosexuality, Masculinity, Gender Role Strain, andRead MoreSouthern Cross: The Beginnings of the Bible Belt by Heyman Christine Leigh1535 Words   |  6 Pagestheir movements and in turn, the extent to which blacks could participate in religious activities. On the other hand, women and children were co nsidered weak at both family and societal level. Both factors ensured the southern white patriarchs’ capability to ensure the reactions to evangelism went as they pleased. Consequently, the evangelists â€Å"†¦still struggled to claim the soul of the South†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Heyrman 23) In turn, it is evident that the masculinity in antebellum America saw to the men controllingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Snake 944 Words   |  4 Pagesso-called masculinity and the regret that comes from his undignified reaction to an already retreating creature. In line 22 we get an allusion to â€Å"Sicilian July† which not only conveys the temperature in the air but also hints to Lawrence’s time spent in Sicily. This is also is partially the reason why the speaker believes the snake to be a threat, â€Å"On the day of Sicilian July, with Etna smoking/ The voice of my education said to me/ He must be killed/ For in Sicily the black, black snakes areRead MoreThe Classic ‘Lighting’ of the Era of the Film Noir654 Words   |  3 Pagesa really well thought out by Wilder as it emphasizes the movement of the film and realization for Norma. I do not know if this is important, but when Norma phones Betty, Norma has a white phone and Betty has black one. In the 50’s the rich had white phones and the less wealthy people had black phones. This clever use of phones emphasizes the message that was conveyed through the phone by Norma to Betty about money etc. The theme used in this film is carried on throughout well. Joe is a man of passionRead MoreGender, Race and Disney Princesses Essay examples1041 Words   |  5 Pagesapparent innocent messages about race and gender in these movies, can be exposed as otherwise. Despite their mask of progression, Disney princesses still have the potential to corrupt the minds of young children through sexism and racism. Since they are formally known as princess movies, people tend to focus more on the feminist issues and a blind-eye is directed towards the masculinity issues; nonetheless this does not confirm their absence, even in recent Disney films. In the first Disney PrincessRead MoreThe Relationship Between Gender Identities And Social Identities1442 Words   |  6 Pageswere being accepted more in society if they had a paying job. On the other hand, the above statements have not been seen to be happening in other intersects of society, there are many factors that are seen to affect the progression of gender equality. For example, women who are black and live a working-class life are seen to undergo greater inequalities than a women who is white and of a ruling-class background this may be because of the education they have received affecting their ability to get aRead MoreHarlem Renaissance Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesMarcus Garvey, a powerful founder of the United Negro Improvement Asso ciation and a Black Nationalist, was an essential figure of the Harlem resurgence. His background and dedication prove his aspirations for an outburst of African American culture. He soon became part of a larger cultural and social movement, the Harlem Renaissance. Equally, Harlem embedded itself within racial rebirth and became the capital of black America, as the Urban League and the NAACP became founded in Harlem (Corey, Lecture)

Components of Police Report Free Essays

There are several components of a typical police report that need to be completed when filled in. First you will need to summarize and make sure to communicate in a clear and succinct manner. Second you will need to describe the scene and the state the alleged crime in occurring in. We will write a custom essay sample on Components of Police Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also who was involved in the crime, as long as when and where did the crime take place with specific details. While filling out a police report, make sure you use simple language, because it might seem strange but if you state information using big words there are going to be people who will not understand what you are saying. Make sure you include all statements from any victims or witnesses, and have to be word for word from what they said. They will need to state the statement just to verify what we have them saying is accurate and they can’t change their story when it comes time to a trial or any other time. When gathering this information make sure you obtain all information regarding to witnesses or victims, regarding address, phone numbers, drivers license numbers, etc so we are able to contact them for any reason. Police Report for Scenario First I would summarize what happened, as well as describing the scene. I will entail that it happened in the parking lot of the shopping center. While my partner and I are on surveillance at a local office supply store we received a tip that a store might have been robbed after closing. Next we received a sketch of two Asian men who might have been involved in the other robberies in the surrounding counties. After receiving the sketch the dispatcher notifies us of a lady supposedly hearing a gunshot, so we head on over. When we arrive the lady informs us that she heard a gunshot and it was supposedly an Asian man who carried the gun. With having the sketch of an Asian man with some robberies we immediately took action with the one we saw coming out of the building. While taking action the Asian female is yelling at my partner and I concerned about her husband. We order to back to her car and she doesn’t obey our orders and becomes hysterical so we are required to restrain her and that requires the man to place in handcuffs. In contrast with my summarized report I will be including the female who heard the gunshots and saw the Asian man with the gun in his back pocket. I will also have to include any witnesses who saw the gunshot take place or the ituation outside in the parking lot. I will have to make sure to get statements from all the victims, which are the male and female Asian as well as the witnesses and have them sign it. I will need to make sure all information if accurate with each person in order to proceed with the report and turn it in. Sufficient Cause Yes, my partner and I had sufficient cause to be on a stake out at the office supply, because there was a call into for a robbery during the afterhours. When a call is called in to certain police officers than they have the right to go and check out what happened there and see if they can find anything out at the sight. They can stay there for a while to make sure no one is hiding from the police, so they can have a possible chance to catch the person. Violation of Rights In my opinion we did not violate the man’s civil rights. When a police officer has a sketch of a suspect for a robbery and they see someone coming out of the building where a call was made then they have the right to pursue in finding out if he was the suspect. A police officer wouldn’t be violating your rights just by asking you to get down on the ground with your hands on your head. How would the officers know for sure who the suspect would be, even if five Asian men came out of the building? They actually wouldn’t so they would be asking all of them to get down on the ground with their hands behind their heads. The police officers were only doing their job, by using the tip with sketch from the dispatcher as well as the call from the woman who heard the call. If the man’s rights were violated then I would take action with the police officers by writing them up if this was the first time offense or suspend them for second offense. As the chief I would know that my police officers wouldn’t just go up to any Asian man and suspect them of any actions without having probable cause to think they are the suspect. Collect Damages The wife shouldn’t be able to collect any damages, because she didn’t have to get out of her car and start yelling at the police officers and become hysterical. When she started yelling at us we ordered her back to her car and she wouldn’t listen, which then enables the police to take action, because she can become a threat to us. Anyone who is imposed as a threat to a police officer, we are allowed to restrain in order to get them under control. Racial Profiling I don’t believe we engaged in any racial profiling with this man. We received a sketch regarding an Asian man who is suspected to be involved in robbing some office stores. It could be considered racial profiling if we were suspecting him as a suspect and we had a tip with a Caucasian or African American male. I just don’t see how racial profiling could be involved with the scenario since we were taking action with an Asian man and that the same race we received the sketch with. Citizen Review Board I would not support the creation of such board, since we have nothing for the citizens to review about our department. We took actions regarding the tip and sketch we received as well as the call from the lady who heard a gunshot and saw an Asian man carrying one in his back pocket. Now, if we have no control over this board then go ahead and do it, but just to let you know we have nothing to hide and we do our jobs to the books. The type of civilian review board (CRB) that I would use has complaints investigated and reported to its board members within 60 days of having received a signed complaint. Within 120 days of having received the complaint, a hearing is held (usually before three board members), a decision on the complaint is rendered, sanctions are determined, and both the complainant and respondent are informed as to the disposition of the complaint. Due to special circumstances, the entire process can be permitted to extend to 180 days. The CRB will investigate and hear all complaints that concern the use of force, including shootings; deaths in custody; harassment; abuse of authority; and improper searches or detention. The CRB has the authority to broaden its reach to decide other types of complaints as well. For discourtesy complaints (including offensive language, derogatory remarks, and slurs) and procedural complaints (when the citizen cannot understand why the officer took a particular action), it is recommended that mediation be used. Such complaints are notoriously hard to prove and have an effect of resulting in a backlog of more serious complaints. And I would actually be reaching out to the community during the entire process, since I will need heir comments or complaints. In my opinion the advantage of this system would be that we could actually learn from what the citizens have to say. Not every comment is necessarily going to be a bad comment, it could be one that will catch our attention and open our eyes. Now the disadvantage of this system is that people could take advantage of it and comment on everything possible and make us seem like we aren’t doing our jobs the right way. There are some citizens who like to make others look bad and this could happen in our situation. References http://www.ehow.com/how_4441251_write-police-report.html How to cite Components of Police Report, Essay examples

Eagle Valley Sustainability Report Organizational Stakeholders

Question: Discuss about the Report for Eagle Valley Sustainability Report of Organizational Stakeholders. Answer: Introduction There is an increased need of sustainable development and it can happen through the use of renewable sources of energy. This report discusses the business sustainability for Eagle Valley Health Foods. The research suggests that the focus on sustainability helps organizations and management to establish a good rapport with end consumers (Markard Raven, 2012). The management of Eagle Valley believes that the focus on sustainability and CSR activities would enable the firm to manage their long-term investment. The organization is a small-size firm and it cannot have a big-bang approach towards CSR and sustainability as its motive is profit making (Schaltegger, 2011). Therefore, the organization cannot compromise on the profit-making objective. However, there are various small steps that the organization can take to improve its sustainability score. The organization is not a large organization and therefore it is important that the organization should join hands with other players in the industry. The different stakeholders of the company should have a deep understanding of internal and external factors of the organization (Gupta, 2012). The good thing for Eagle Valley is that the organization operates in the health-oriented industry. The organization manufactures the health snack bars and the company has established a niche in the market. The targeted audience or the customer base of the organization is the set of consumers that appreciates healthy leaving (Arrow Dasgupta, 2012). It is expected that the customers of Eagle Valley would provide the required support to the organization to achieve the sustainability objectives. Findings Discussions There are certain key areas that the management and stakeholder of Eagle Valley should focus on. As a part of the production process, the organization uses a large amount of water. It is important that the organization should have a systematic plan to reduce the use of water (Starmack, 2013). The office building was constructed in the year 1960 and since then it has never been renovated. There is a need for organization to make changes to the building structure. Eagle Valley can focus on true sustainable development only when the organization has the support of various internal and external stakeholders. In turn, it can happen only when the organization and the management realize the need of stakeholders, take efforts to bring the need and expectations towards a common goal and map this goal with the sustainability goal of the organization. According to Boutelle (2004) the best way to manage diverse stakeholder interests is to analyze their needs in order to understand them and to un derstand how these interests effect the organization. There are five key criteria or parameters of sustainability. The performance of Eagle Valley against each of the parameter can be discussed as: Sustainability criteria Performance of Eagle Valley Inclusiveness Limited communication with different stakeholders in the organization Connectivity Sustainability is not practiced as the culture of the organization Equity The focus is on the current business value and not on the future business value Prudence Collaboration with other players in the industry is limited Security The organization get limited support from employees Conclusion Recommendations The above paper discusses the sustainability for Eagle Valley. The above paper also discussed the key stakeholders of Eagle Valley that would have an impact on the path and approach of Eagle valley to achieve sustainability vision. Based on the above discussion, it is recommended that the organization should have a gradual path towards sustainability. It is recommended that the leaders of the organization should develop the specific sustainable goals (Betts, 2015). The organization should have the goal that it can achieve in short term and in ling term. Another recommendation for Eagle Valley is that it should focus on the inclusive growth and development. It can happen only when the organization take inputs from the various stakeholders (Garud Gehman, 2012). The organization can also use benchmarking, as a tool, to establish the sustainability goals. The management of Eagle Valley should learn from the sustainability approaches of the large organizations in this sector. Based on the above discussion it is recommended that the management of Eagle Valley should make immediate investment to renovate the building. The new infrastructure in the building should focus on renewable sources of energy. For example, the organization should establish solar panels at the top of the roof (Schaltegger, 2012). The company can also make investment on the wind energy and eco-friendly lights. It is recommended that the organization should also invest to increase the awareness level of employees. There should be regular training and development programs with an objective to motivate employees towards sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility. References Arrow, K. J., Dasgupta, P., Goulder, L. H., Mumford, K. J., Oleson, K. (2012). Sustainability and the measurement of wealth.Environment and development economics,17(03), 317-353. Boutelle, J. (2004). Understanding organizational stakeholders for design success. https://boxesandarrows.com/understanding-organizational-stakeholders-for-design-success/ Garud, R., Gehman, J. (2012). Metatheoretical perspectives on sustainability journeys: Evolutionary, relational and durational.Research Policy,41(6), 980-995. Hutter, C., Starmack, T. (2013). Tesla Roadster: The New Standard of Electric Automobiles. Unpublished working paper at University of Pittsburgh. Markard, J., Raven, R., Truffer, B. (2012). Sustainability transitions: An emerging field of research and its prospects.Research Policy,41(6), 955-967. Singh, R. K., Murty, H. R., Gupta, S. K., Dikshit, A. K. (2012). An overview of sustainability assessment methodologies.Ecological Indicators,15(1), 281-299 Schaltegger, S. and Wagner, M., 2011. Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions.Business strategy and the environment,20(4), pp.222-237. Taran, Z., Betts, S. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility and Conflicting Stakeholders Interests: Using Matching and Advocacy Approcahes to Align Initiatives With Issues. Journal Of Legal, Ethical Regulatory Issues, 18(2), 55-61.

hamlet analysis free essay sample

Hamlet Analysis Report It is debatable whether or not Hamlet is one of the greatest dramatic characters ever made. The moment we are introduced to Hamlet, many readers can recognize his intensity and the passion that he possesses. Hamlet holds many negative qualities such as indecisiveness, hate, obsession, brutality, and spontaneity. Regardless of these negative qualities, Hamlet is still the tragic hero and the Prince of Denmark. On the other hand, he has remarkable qualities that a hero should have such as bravery, passion, loyalty, respect, cautiousness, and dedication. We can see all of his qualities throughout this tragic play, but when we are introduced to him, we are given such a mysterious impression and it sets the tone for the play. In this report, I would like to analyze and talk about three of his qualities which I thought stood out the most: his indecisiveness, cautiousness, and madness. The first quality that I would like to talk about and analyze is his indecisiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on hamlet analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When Hamlet had received the news that King Hamlet had died and his mother, Gertrude, had married the new king Claudius, his uncle, Hamlet is disgusted, cynical, and full of hatred. While everyone has gone on with their lives after King Hamlet’s death, Hamlet is still left to think and doubt about his father’s death. Gertrude tells Hamlet, â€Å"Seek for thy noble father in the dust. Thou know’st ‘tis common—all that lives must die, Passing through nature to eternity† (I.ii. 71-73), and Claudius says to Hamlet, â€Å"To give these mourning duties to your father, But you must know your father lost a father, That father lost, lost his, and the survivor bound† (I.ii 88-90). Hamlets pain and misery is then more deepened because those around him are not mourning but quick to move on. Although Gertrude and Claudius have said those things, Hamlet is surely more hurt by the fact that his mother had married her brother-in-law within a short peri od of time after the Kings death. We cannot blame Hamlet for this emotion that he feels, for anyone in his situation would be disgusted and feel the same way that he does. Hamlet is then left to reminisce about his father on how much he had loved her queen, â€Å"But two months dead, nay, not o much, not two. So excellent a king, that was to this Hyperion to a satyr, so loving to my mother, that he might not beteem the winds of heaven visit her face too roughly. Heaven and earth, Must I remember†¦?† (I.ii 138-143). Hamlet is then  disgusted by the thought of his mother, and women in general, which affects his feelings towards Ophelia as well. Later on in the play, the turning point, Hamlet is faced with a ghost who claims to be the ghost of his father. This ghost describes to Hamlet who he is and what has truly happened. Everybody had known that King Hamlet had died by a poisonous snake in his garden, but the truth is that, â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy father’s life now wears his crown† (I.v 38-39). Hamlet carefully observes and listens to what the Ghost says and is later left with a bewildered attitude. The Ghost continually tempts and persuades Hamlet to take revenge for his father and kill Claudius. From here on out, we are left to see Hamlet contemplating on whether or not what the Ghost said was true or whether or not he has to kill his uncle. We are already left with an image that Hamlet has a grudge toward Claudius and after meeting the Ghost, Hamlet is now left t o think whether he should take revenge or not. In Act III Scene IV, Claudius is kneeling down and praying. Hamlet is deciding whether or not he should kill the king right then and there but is constantly unable to make up his mind. Even if he were to take revenge right now, the king was praying, so by killing him, he would be send him to heaven. Hamlet shows his cautiousness in this scene, which I will be talking about later. Hamlet is constantly thinking about the â€Å"what ifs† while watching Claudius pray. Hamlet says, â€Å"I his sole son do this same villain send to heaven. Why, this is hire and salary, not revenge† at one point, then is left to reconsider, â€Å"†¦And am I then revenged to take him in the purging of his soul, when he is fit and seasoned for his passage? No.†(III.iv 77-78, 84-87). Hamlet decides to kill Claudius another day, but is left with an uncomfortable mind to kill him when he is in the act of doing wrong deeds and when he is positive that Claudius had killed his father. Another quality that stands out for Hamlet is that he is extremely cautious and intellectual. When Hamlet first receives the news that King Hamlet had died, he returns home to find evidence of his father’s inexplicable death. Although the ghost tells Hamlet that Claudius had murdered his father, Hamlet seeks to prove Claudius’ guilt before taking any action against Claudius. Some may say he overuses his intelligence while ignoring his emotions and going with his instinct. This is what causes Hamlet to hold back on taking revenge against Claudius. Also, when Hamlet first encounters the ghost, his sight is telling him that what  he is seeing is not possible, but his emotions think otherwise. â€Å"Why thy canonized bones, hearsed in death, have burst their cerements† (I.iv 47-48). Hamlet is then careful with his actions and thinks things through because he knows the value of having the accurate facts; otherwise, he may unreasonably kill his uncle and have to deal with the consequences. He then later plans a play for actors to re-enact the king’s murder, which the ghost had told him, to prove and actually believe what the ghost had said. At one point in the play, Hamlet considers about committing suicide saying these famous lines â€Å"To be or not to be, that is the question: whether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (III.i 57-58). Hamlet begins to realize that his anxiety and pressures cause him to doubt that reason alone can solve his problems. He also realizes that he lacks the emotion to avenge his father’s death. However, Hamlet connects both his emotion and reason and avoids his temptation to commit suicide. Hamlet shows us that he is strong by making the decision to stay alive and fight Claudius’ corruption. Although he chooses to stay alive and revenge his father, he still lacks the motivation to actually kill Claudius. In Act IV, Hamlet meets a captain who works under Fortinbras. The captain tells Hamlet of the deeds they do, and Hamlet is shocked that his armies go to war over a â€Å"little patch of ground† (IV.iv 18). Hamlet is shocked that Fortinbras would sacrifice many soldiers to conquer a little patch of ground, whereas, Hamlet is struggling on killing one man with good reason. Hamlet realizes he was blinded by his intellect and seems to be impressed by Fortinbras who quick ly turns thought into action, and from then on, Hamlet decides to have bloody thoughts. â€Å"†¦O, from this time forth, my thoughts be bloody, or be nothing worth!† (IV.v 65-66). In addition, another scene where Hamlet demonstrates his carefulness is when he sacrifices his love for Ophelia because he was determined to seek revenge for his father. Although he makes this decision, he had still kept her close and his actions had led to unfortunate events of making Ophelia go crazy and kill herself. The last quality I would like to talk about is Hamlets insanity. The events at the beginning of the play are enough to drive anyone mad, not only because his father has passed away, but his mother had married the brother of King Hamlet. In the beginning, Hamlet pretends to be mad so that he can gain details about his father’s death and not be responsible for his actions. He is using his fake insanity as an excuse. With Hamlets grief,  he cannot control himself and then later, his intentional insanity is slowly becoming habitual. Like stated above, Hamlet even has thoughts of committing suicide because he cannot endure it anymore. While acting insane, Hamlet, who loves Ophelia, is forbidden by Ophelia’s father to see her. Hamlets insanity and rude behavior towards Ophelia is all a part of Hamlets plan. Hamlet wishes for Ophelia to tell Polonius, Ophelia’s father, that Hamlet has gone mad so that Polonius can go to Gertrude and Claudius and tell them that Hamlet has gone mad. At first, Hamlets madness is viewed as harmless and is thought to have been caused by the problems that are present. However, when Hamlet murders Polonius on accident thinking it was Claudius, Hamlets madness is viewed differently. In Act IV scene II, Claudius says, â€Å"This mad young man. But so much was our love, we would not understand what was most fit but, like the owner of a foul disease†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (IV.ii 19-21). Hamlets madness is now viewed as a â€Å"foul disease†. Hamlet’s insanity slowly becomes less intended. He beings to act irresponsibly with no thought about any consequences. It seems to us that he does not care about anyone at all. He treats those important to him as if they mean nothing to him. For example, Hamlet talks down to Ophelia and tells her he does not love her anymore and also Hamlet offends Gertrude and we know this because Gertrude says, â€Å"What have I done that thou dar’st wag thy tongue in noise so rude against me?† (III.iv 40-41). This was when Hamlet had killed Polonius on accident thinking it was the king. Gertrude and Hamlet are arguing when Hamlet hears a man behind the â€Å"arras† and murders him without any hesitation. We are now shown a new and changed Hamlet, he is not the man we were introduced to in the beginning of the play: respectful, responsible and gentle, but the new and mad Hamlet is impulsive, cruel, and violent. When Hamlet finds out that Ophelia had died, this is when we all assume and know that Hamlet really loses it. His plot to revenge his father had only hurt and killed those around him directly and indirectly. Hamlet murders Polonius, which lead to Ophelia’s suicide. Laertes, Polonius’ son, is also upset about Hamlet killing his father, so he plans against Hamlet, which leads to his own death, as well as Hamlets own death, Gertrude’s death, and Claudius’ death. We are given many interpretations of Hamlets madness, and I believe that it is up to the reader’s to interpret Hamlets insanity as they see it. We are told that his madness is purposeful actions and true insanity, but we are  not fully aware of what it actually is. What all started off as Hamlet planning to kill Claudius and revenge his father, ends up as Hamlet killing himself and those around him. One may argue that Hamlets indecisiveness, cautiousness, and madness are what added up to get himself and those important around him killed, but those three qualities are what stood out and made Hamlet in to the tragedy play it is. Hamlet Analysis free essay sample Ghost appears and then leaves Horatio decides to tell Hamlet about the ghost He tells Hamlet about the ghost Hamlet decides that he wants to see the ghost Hamlet sees the ghost Hamlet follows the ghost Ghost tells Hamlet about his death Hamlet decides to get more information / prove what the ghost was saying before doing anything about it Hamlet swears his friends to secrecy about what the ghost said and about his plans to act crazy in order to get more information Offstage trigger – Hamlet acting crazy with Ophelia) Ophelia tells Polonius that Hamlet has gone crazy Polonius concludes that this is because Hamlet loves Ophelia Polonius decides to tell this reasoning to Claudius (side track 1– Claudius tells Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to figure out what is afflicting Hamlet) Polonius tells Claudius and Gertrude that Hamlet is crazy because of Ophelia Polonius speaks to Hamlet and decides to plan a meeting between Hamlet and Ophelia (side track 1 – Rosencrantz and Guildenstern speak with Hamlet and tell him of the players) side track 1 – Hamlet decides to use the players to weed out the truth from Claudius) (side track 1 – Hamlet asks Polonius to have the Claudius and Gertrude watch the play) Hamlet meets Ophelia while Claudius and Polonius hide and listen Hamlet says he doesn’t love Ophelia Polonius and Claudius decide there must be another reason for Hamlet’s madness and plan to figure out what it is by watching him (side track 1 – Hamlet speaks with the players to make sure everything is going to go exactly the way he has planned it) side track 1 – Hamlet asks Horatio to watch the king during the play) (side track 2 – the players enact the Murder of Gonzago) (side track 2 – Hamlet comments on the play) (side track 2a – Claudius rises and leaves mid-play, very upset, along with Gertrude , who is also upset) (side tracks 1 2a converge – Hamlet and Horatio decide that because of Claudius’ reaction to the play, the ghost was telling the truth) (side track 1 – Hamlet decides to take violent action) (side track 2b – Gertrude asks to speak with Hamlet) side track 2b – Hamlet agrees to speak with Gertrude, and sends Polonius to tell her so) (side track 2c – Claudius plans to send Hamlet to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern because he is becoming a danger) Polonius decides to hide and listen to Hamlet and Gertrude (side track 2b – Hamlet is on his way to speak to Gertrude and sees Claudius ‘praying’) (side track 2b – Hamlet decides not to kill him then because he would go to heaven) (side track 2b – Hamlet decides to go on and talk to Gertrude) Polonius hides when Hamlet enters side track 2b – Hamlet speaks with Gertrude, then hears a noise) Polonius makes a noise Main thread and side tracks 1 2b converge – Hamlet stabs Polonius and kills him Hamlet takes Polonius’ body Gertrude tells Claudius about Hamlet’s actions Claudius sends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to find where Hamlet put Polonius’ body Rosencrantz and Guildenstern talk to Hamlet and bring him back to talk with Claudius Main thread and side track 2c converge – Claudius talks with Hamlet and officially sends him to England (to be killed) side track 3 – Fortinbras is passing through Denmark and speaks to Hamlet) (side track 3a – Hamlet decides that he is not giving up – ‘my thoughts be bloody†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢) (side track 4 – Ophelia has gone crazy) (side track 5 – Laertes gets back, learns of Polonius’ death, and blames Claudius) (side track 5 – Laertes confronts Claudius) (side track 5 – Claudius tells Laertes that Polonius’ death was not his doing) Offstage trigger – pirates attack Hamlet’s ship Offstage trigger – pirates take Hamlet prisoner and return him to England Main thread and side track 3a converge Horatio hears news of Hamlet’s return (side track 5 – Claudius convinces Laertes that Hamlet was the cause of Polonius’ death) (side track 5 – Claudius tells Laertes that he has a plan to kill Hamlet) (side track 5 – Laertes asks to be the instrument of Hamlet’s death) (side track 5 – Claudius plans for Laertes and Hamlet to duel, Laertes with a poison- tipped sword, and adding a poisoned drink, just in case, to ensure Hamlet’s death) (side track 4 – Gertrude says that Ophelia has drowned herself) Main thread and side track 4 converge Horatio and Hamlet meet in the graveyard and learn of Ophelia’s death, and see Laertes jumping into the grave Hamlet also jumps into the grave and accuses Laertes of putting on a show of emotion Hamlet and Laertes scuffle then are pulled apart Hamlet feels bad for accusing Laertes the way he did and scuffling with him Hamlet agrees to do whatever Laertes wishes of him (side track 5 – Osric come to tell Hamlet of the proposed duel between him and Laertes) Main thread and side track 5 converge – Hamlet agrees to duel Laertes Hamlet and Laertes begin to duel Claudius poisons a cup and plans to offer it to Hamlet Hamlet refuses the cup and continues dueling (side track 6 – to cheer on Hamlet, Gertrude drinks from the poisoned cup) Hamlet gets scratched by the poisoned rapier Hamlet and Laertes scuffle and switch rapiers Laertes gets scratched by the poisoned rapier (side track 6 – Gertrude dies) Main thread and side track 6 converge – Laertes says that Claudius poisoned the cup, and that the rapier-tip was poisoned, then he dies Hamlet realizes that he is dying and that he now has the excuse to kill Claudius Hamlet stabs Claudius and makes him drink of the cup Claudius dies Hamlet entreats Horatio to tell the story of their deaths, then dies (side track 3b – Fortinbras is returning through Denmark and happens upon the scene) main thread and side track 3b converge – Horatio plans to tell Fortinbras et. We will write a custom essay sample on Hamlet Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page al. the story of what happened, and Fortinbras plans to take his claim over the country Part II: Events Tracked Backward for Hamlet†¦ Hamlet†¦ Stops Horatio from drinking the poisoned cup Tells Horatio to be the messenger – to tell everyone his story Kills Claudius Scratches, and therefore kills Laertes with the poisoned rapier Gets scratched by Laertes with the poisoned rapier Taunts Laertes at the moment when Laertes is considering not killing him And Laertes begin the gentlemen’s duel Agrees to duel Laertes Resolves that whatever will be will be, and feels bad for Laertes Insults Laertes in Ophelia’s grave Jumps into Ophelia’s grave Talks to Horatio about death Sees the grave diggers Returns from the ship bound for England Ship gets attacked by pirates Leaving for England, but is not going to give up Banished by Claudius Hides Polonius’ body Kills Polonius Talks with Gertrude Decides not to kill Claudius while he is praying (appears to be praying) Agrees to talk with Gertrude Accuses Guildenstern of playing him like a recorder Discusses Claudius’ reaction to the play with Horatio Adds commentary to the play Flirts with Ophelia Asks Horatio to mark how Claudius reacts to the play Tells the players to act exactly as he has instructed them Tells Ophelia to ‘get to a nunnery’ and says that he doesn’t love her Decides to use the players to get the truth from Claudius about his father’s murder Hears of the players from Rosencrantz and Guildenstern (offstage? acts crazy toward Ophelia to the point of frightening her Swears his friends to secrecy about the ghost and the way he is going to act Plans to learn whether the ghost was telling the truth, or just a demon playing games Learns from the ghost that he was murdered Speaks to the ghost Follows the ghost Sees the ghost Hears of the ghost Part III: Stasis, Intrusion, New Stasis†¦ Stasis: Claudius has married Gertrude and become king after his brother, the previous king, died. Hamlet, the son of Gertrude and the previous king, is still upset about his father’s death. Intrusion: The appearance of the ghost New Stasis: The majority of the characters are dead, and Horatio is asked to tell their story as Fortinbras becomes the new king Part IV: Dramatic Conflict for Hamlet and Claudius†¦ Hamlet ~ Individual versus self: Hamlet gets down on himself for not being able to take immediate action or to react as strongly / emotionally as characters like the player and Fortinbras. Individual versus others / individuals: Hamlet has obvious conflict with Claudius, who he believes killed his father. He also has some physical ‘conflict’ with Laertes. Individual versus society: Hamlet cannot simply kill Claudius because he has to consider how society would react to that if they did not know what Claudius had done initially. Individual versus the universe / nature / fate It becomes Hamlet’s duty to avenge his father’s death. Claudius ~ Individual versus self: Claudius appears to show guilt about murdering his brother (shown when he wishes to pray but is unable to) Individual versus others / individuals: Claudius’s first conflict with an individual was before the play started, and that was with his brother, the king. Once he ‘won’ that conflict, his new conflict became the one between himself and Hamlet Jr. He was afraid that Hamlet knew too much and / or that he would try to take the throne back from him. Individual versus society: If the people in that society knew what Claudius had done, there would have been much more conflict between them and him, but as it was, their only real conflict was that Claudius couldn’t take Hamlet to them to be punished for Polonius’ death, essentially because they liked him too much. Individual versus the universe / nature / fate

Essay on The policy game Understanding U.S. public policy making

Essay on The policy game Understanding U.S. public policy making Essay on The policy game: Understanding U.S. public policy making Essay on The policy game: Understanding U.S. public policy makingSocial Security is a program created to protect financially vulnerable social groups; this program secures a basic income level after retirement age, life insurance and disability payments for workers. The core idea of the program is that the fund invested by younger generations into Social Security can be used to secure the well-being of retired citizens, and the incomes of future generations will be financed by Social Security payments of their offspring (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). However, most younger Americans have a dim view on the perspectives of Social Security because its solvency is questionable now.There are several factors affecting the financial viability of Social Security. One major driver of the costs of Social Security is the retirement of baby boomers the proportion of retired people is growing, while the number of active workers is declining (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). Furthermore, the birthrates a re declining in the United States, so it is reasonable to expect that in the future Social Security will experience even bigger problems. In addition, the average life expectancy grows and therefore the drain of Social Security increases.An additional factor is the influence of AARP Inc. (or former American Association of Retired Persons). This organization aims to protect the rights of seniors, and currently it has over 38 million members aged 50+ (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). AARP strongly opposes suggested alterations of Social Security and Medicare that are aimed at improving financial balance of these programs. Such measures as changing Medicare coverage and adding more limits to optimize costs or increase of the retirement age are not implemented to a large extent due to the opposition from AARP.In the current situation, the resources of Social Security are expected to be drained in the 2030s (Theodoulou Kofinis, 2012). There might be different alternatives to Social Security such as private retirement accounts, 401k retirement planning or the alternative scheme suggested by AMAC (the Association of Mature American Citizens). This program includes lower benefits for high-earners, increasing retirement age and securing greater access to income for all retired citizens. Therefore, it is either necessary to change Social Security scheme to make it work for future generations, or to start using another approaches to securing income in the retirement age.

Discussing the possible use of common property to address the commons Essay

Discussing the possible use of common property to address the commons problem - Essay Example Hardin argues that as part of human nature, each commoner will always attempt to maximize utility by either increasing the use of the resource by one more level at any given time. In so doing, the one unit increment in utility use carries with it both positive and negative components. In this case, he states that the positive part wills functionality of the one unit increment. The negative component is a function of one unit increment on the level of competition for that particular resource. The negative component is shared by all the commoners, and it is a fraction of negative one (-1). When all such partial utilities are put together, a rational commoner only finds profitable to increase his/her utility of the resource. As this happens among all the commoners using the resource, the tragedy of depletion and lack of sustainability comes in. As such every commoner will be faced with ruin in the attempt of pursuit of each individual’s best interest. He concludes "freedom in the commons brings ruin." He further postulates that, some school of thought has it that the tragedy is often put on halt by the forces of natural selection. It is argued that natural selection often propels the forces of psychological denial. As such a commoner will only benefit as an individual from the ability to deny the truth that such acts make the society as whole to suffer. In turn, in order to succeed in enabling sustainability, education provides the best platform for counteract the human nature to do the wrong thing. Such education must constantly be refreshed to remain relevant and for the inexorable succession of generations (Hardin 50-68). After several scientific and social studies have been conducted overstretched periods of time, it has been revealed that people will not restrain from use of a common property even if they are better poised to benefit mutually from such restraints. Most often than not,

BOOK REPORT- HUMAN SEXUALITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BOOK REPORT- HUMAN SEXUALITY - Essay Example e problem is that these women often do not seek professional help, preferring to put up with their problems, while unresolved sexual issues can have serious consequences in a variety of health problems. Streicher is a qualified sexologist and gynecologist. Having a long experience in these areas, she is able to help all women better understand their body and thus recognize the signs of various sexual problems. That is what makes this book especially interesting for me and that is why I have decided to choose this book. Reading this book allows all women to have knowledge that can help solve numerous health issues and therefore significantly improve the quality of their sex life. In addition, the value of this book is that the author gives clear and evidence-based explanations for the various physical states and manifestations of various diseases. Every woman has the right to obtain pleasure in her sex life, and this book can be of great help in this regard by providing with practical and valuable

The Life Of John C Calhoun History Essay

The Life Of John C Calhoun History Essay Throughout his lifetime, John Caldwell Calhoun achieved many different titles. He had experience as a statesman, a political philosopher, a secretary of war, a secretary of state, a member of the Senate, a member of Congress, the leading champion of Southern rights, and even Vice President of the United States (USGenWeb 1). No matter what position he held, his views and dreams for the South stayed consistent. During his career as vice president, he constantly pushed Jackson to help keep the South alive (Bartlett 26). Calhoun spent much of his life promoting growth of the South. John Calhoun was born on a South Carolina farm in 1782. His father, Patrick Calhoun, was a very religious man who treated his son very badly. He was a judge, owned countless slaves, and had also served in the South Carolina legislature (Capers 4). John, however, graduated from Yale in 1804 and studied law at Tapping Reeves in Litchfield, CN (Capers 9-11). In 1811, John married a distant cousin and had 9 children. Calhouns marriage brought him great fortune. As a result, Calhoun built a plantation called Fort Hill in 1825 (Bartlett 39). As time went by, Calhoun began involving himself with political philosophy, ideas, and business more often. He was later referred to as a thinking machine, always speaking in a very fast, serious manner (Niven 49). In 1808, John Calhoun was elected to the State legislature of South Carolina, beginning his career in politics. Two years later, he was elected to the Unites States House of Representatives. Henry Clay selected Calhoun to be the chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee. He, among others, strongly encouraged the War of 1812. Calhoun urged the House to build a strong army. Even after the war, his efforts towards achieving a stronger military continued (Niven 98). Over time, however, it seems as though the level of importance of a strong military in Calhouns mind decreased significantly. In 1846, John Calhoun refused to vote in favor of the declaration of war against Mexico. Eventually, the idea of peace entered Calhouns mind as right and therefore determined war as, in his words, a positive evil (Cralle 277). In 1817, Calhoun went into James Monroes Cabinet as a nationalist. In Monroes Cabinet, he was the secretary of state until 1825 (Capers 61). Calhoun later served as vice president to John Quinsy Adams from 1825 to 1829. He was later elected vice president again under Andrew Jackson (USGenWeb 1). Both of his terms as vice president to the Unites States is what he is best known as. During the time of Calhouns term as vice president to Andrew Jackson, the Nullification Crisis surfaced. This time period is directly linked to the Tariff of Abominations along with the resulting chaos that that followed (Bartlett 102). Calhoun wished to run for president after Jacksons term was over, but during Jacksons first term, he and Calhoun had many conflicts. Jackson was furious when he discovered that Calhoun had criticized his invasion of Florida in 1818. Also, John C. Calhoun had his thoughts and beliefs concerning the Tariff of Abominations expressed in The South Carolina Exposition and Protest. This was later referred to as Calhouns Exposition. Although Calhoun had written this document anonymously, the author of the document was still clear to many. In this document, Calhoun warned that if the Tariff of Abominations was not rejected, South Carolina would break away. It was also stated by Calhoun that if it was decided that a Federal document was unconstitutional, any st ate held the right to nullify the document. This idea was later named Calhouns Doctrine of nullification. Calhoun made a clear attempt to convince others that the Tariff of Abominations was a direct attack on the South (Niven 180-181). In 1832, Calhoun resigned as vice president and soon after got elected into the senate. He used this opportunity to defend South Carolina. In that same year, South Carolina announced that the Tariff of Abominations was null in void in that state. When the other Southern states did not follow South Carolinas example as originally planned, Henry Clay proposed a compromise designed to lower the tariffs over a long period of time (USGenWeb 1). While in the Senate during the 1830s, Calhoun began attacking abolitionists and demanding that revolts against slavery in the North be stopped. He also did not want abolitionist petitions to be acknowledged by Congress (Bartlett 210). John Calhoun defended both slavery and the South with all of his might. Calhoun was soon after known to be the most popular slavery defender by many people (Bartlett 235). Although he made his plans of being chosen to run in the presidential election in the letters he had written to his friends, few people expected Calhoun to carry out the attitude of a candidate (Bartlett 237). The closer it got to the presidential race, the more Calhoun would go out of his way to not only impress the people, but also to gain their respect. In one of his attempts, he became a member of the Irish Immigrant Society of New York. He did this as a way of expressing the pride that he felt for his heritage and his father who had been an Irish immigrant himself (Bartlett 238). This proved to win the attention of many working class citizens of New York. Calhoun declared his candidacy in 1843 but later withdrew from the race. Instead, he took on the role as secretary of state under John Tyler who only had one year before his term was completed (Niven 264). Congress had adopted Texas into the Union by 1844. As a direct result, the slavery area of the United States grew. This helped maintain the sectional balance within the Union (USGenWeb 1). By the following year, Calhoun had rejoined the Senate. During his time in the Senate, Calhoun had opposed the Wilmot Proviso after first opposing the war versus Mexico. The Wilmot Proviso had been created to prevent slavery from occurring within any territory taken from Mexico during the war. Calhoun knew that a war between America and Mexico was a bad idea. He feared that if a war was declared with Mexico, America would enter under the wrong circumstances (Bartlett 341). While in the Senate, Calhoun was successful in limiting the frequency of discussions held in Congress regarding slavery. Maintaining the same attitude towards slavery, when the Compromise of 1850 idea was introduced, Calhoun not only voted against it, but made it publicly known that he saw it as disgraceful (Niven 293). The Compromise of 1850 stated that Southerners rights to bring their slaves into other Union territories were not guaranteed. When the Compromise of 1850 was adopted, Calhoun was no longer alive. Calhoun appeared in Congress for the last time on the seventh of March. On that particular day, he listened to the sectional peace appeal made by Daniel Webster and approved. In the last month of his life, Calhoun had countless discussions with his fellow Southerners. He made his growing fear for the future of the South very clear. Nothing short of the terms I propose can settle it finally and permanently. Indeed, it is difficult to see how two peoples so different and hostile can exist together (Capers 252). On the night before his death, Calhoun said to his friends, If I had my health and strength to devote one more hour to my country in the Senate, I could do no more than in my whole life (Capers 253). Calhouns dedication to the Union was undeniably sincere. The countless efforts put forward, and the measures taken by Calhoun to support and protect the South are without a doubt deserving of respect. In Washington D.C, John Caldwell Calhoun was pronounced dead on March 31, 1850.

Hatshepsuts Reign

The Role of Hatshepsut as a female pharaoh throughout the 18th Dynasty in Egyptian society was vital for the ultimate construction of Egypt as a major imperial power and the overall greatness of Egypt. Hatshepsut’s reign from 1503 BCE to 1482 BCE was one of the most prosperous periods for ancient Egyptian society, the role of Hatshepsut saw a time of great prosperity for the economy and architecture furthermore it was a time of advancement in the arts and of great peace. The great reign of Hatshepsut lasted for twenty-two years, and paved the way for Thutmosis III, who was able to engage in the repossession of the throne. The effective transition from the reign of Hatshepsut to Thutmosis enabled Thutmosis to initiate campaigns of conquest in the East of Egypt, which inturn lead to the establishment of a successful Egyptian Empire. Hatshepsut contributed significantly to the construction of great monuments, temples statues and also other architectural masterpieces, these offerings to Egyptian society again contributed to the greatness of not only ancient Egypt itself but also to the greatness of Hatshepsut and her success as a female pharaoh. Historian David Bediz elaborates that although other female rulers both preceded and followed her, Hatshepsut’s long and prosperous rule made her one of the greatest female rulers of all time; â€Å"She ruled the most powerful, advanced civilisation in the world, successfully for twenty years†¦. Her success stands for all eternity. † The architecture of Hatshepsut was quite unique in a sense that she left her own mark on traditional Egyptian architecture. Historian Naville was quoted â€Å"The works of art from her reign, display the imprint of an individual novel taste, which must be none other than that of the divine being who occupied the Horus-throne† (Naville, 1906) Hatshepsut brought stability to the nation. But by far her defining achievement was her temple at Der-el Bahri known rightfully as the â€Å"sublime of sublimes† (Monet, 1968: p. 23). The construction of the temple took place between 1498 BC to 1483 BC. The following inscription from Der-el Bahri exemplifies her achievement â€Å"When you rest in your building where your beauties are worshipped, Amun Ra, the Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands, give Hatshepsut life, duration and happiness. For she has made this building fine, great, pure† (Der el Bahri inscription in www. touregypt. net 18/5/04). Her temple would become her defining achievement that in term characterised Hatshepsut’s reign. Hatshepsut’s architectural achievements were the defining characteristic of her reign and therefore were her most important contribution to the greatness of Egypt. Additionally, by Hatshepsut investing money into the beautification of her country, it allowed for a politically stable environment which in term would eventually help Thutmosis III. Although Architecture was Hatshepsut’s defining achievement without a flourishing economy it would not have been possible. Hatshepsut’s reign was phenomenal in the sense that her contribution to the economy by endeavours in trade and foreign relations. This contributed to Egypt becoming a wealthy nation with unrivalled economic power. Her consolidation and injections into the economy would inevitably become the foundation that allowed Thutmosis III to undertake military campaigns of large scale. Naville reiterates the proposed ideas â€Å"her government must have been at once strong and enlightened, for when her nephew Thutmosis III succeeded her, the country was sufficiently powerful and rich to allow him to venture on a succession of war of conquests† (Naville, 1906,). Under Queen Hatshepsut’s reign, trade with foreign countries was expanded, not only with the African lands to the south, but also with the Levant and the islands of the sea. The Queen decided to strengthen the relationships with friendly nations and let hostile Asiatic nations be punished for their ignorance and arrogance. Relations with Byblos flourished again and the turquoise mines of Sinai were reopened. Furthermore Timber from the land of Negau was imported and envoys to the southern land negotiated the trade of metals and precious commodities such as panther and elephants skins with the inhabitants of the Libyan coast. As quoted by Redforde upon Hatshepsut’s trade bolstering â€Å"Hatshepsut was not blind to the need of bolstering Egypt’s economy. Running a close second to the building program were the economic measures, taken by the Queen. Trade with foreign countries was furthered†(Redforde,1967:p. 87). Under Hatshepsut, the state owned the majority of land. The following extract quoted by Spalinger epitomises her reorganisation of Egypt â€Å"From persons who controlled and worked parcels of property the state collected taxes in the form of cattle, grain, wine and other goods the land yielded. Adding to Egypt vast internal revenues was tribute paid from outside. †(Spalinger, 1978) The expedition to Punt characterised Hatshepsut’s reign and personified her internal glory policy. Queen Hatshepsut sent five Phoenician styled ships on a trade expedition that would distill luxuries unparalleled upon Egypt. An inscription from Der el Bahri gives insight on the expedition â€Å"The loading of the ships heavily with marvels of the country of Punt, all godly fragrant wood’s of God’s Land, myrrh resin, with fresh myrrh trees, with ebony and pure ivory†¦ with green gold of Euni, with cinnamon wood, incense, eye cosmetics, with apes, monkeys, dogs and with skins of the southern panther, with natives and their children†(Der el Bahri inscription in Williams, 1994). Hatshepsut’s contribution to the Egyptian economy was so important that it allowed the rest of the Pharaohs of the eighteenth dynasty unrivalled and unlimited economic power. Hatshepsut’s internal development and building programs bought political stability to Egypt and thus allowed way for Thutmosis III’s conquests this and unrivalled economic prowess. Although Hatshepsut prioritized internal development and economic endeavours she was proud of the state of readiness of her army Hatshepsut’s military exploits, although miniscule compared to that of former and future pharaohs who pursued an expansionistic militaristic imperialism policy, contributed to the greatness of Egypt. A naive perspective of Hatshepsut’s reign would express that she undertook no military campaigns and exercised no military prowess but as quoted by Reforde â€Å"clearly that the belief that Hatshepsut undertook no foreign wars is simply untrue† (Redforde, 1967). Although Hatshepsut didn’t pursue an expansionistic militaristic imperialism policy and expand Egypt’s boarders there were two probable reasons for this; she was a women and thus found it rather inconvenient to lead an army of men in the field and secondly the world situation did not call for the use of exceptional military force during her lifetime. Furthermore it could be said that military prowess was not a reflection of political ability and so being that Hatshepsut’s reign brought olitical stability rather the extension of boarders The military had an important role in Hatshepsut’s designs for rebuilding Egypt, she rigidly maintained that â€Å"my troops which were unequipped are well paid since I appeared as King† (Hatshepsut in Redforde,1967). Hatshepsut in her reign undertook at least four campaigns and of one she led in person, although two were lead by her nominal ruler Thutmosis III under her name. Hatshepsut’s four campaigns consi sted of a campaign against Nubia, a mopping up operation in Palestine and Syria and the capture of Gaza and an additional campaign against Nubia both lead by Thutmosis III. Spalinger addresses this matter â€Å"Thutmosis III in the latter of Hatshepsut’s reign lead two campaigns under her name†(Spalinger, 1978). The Nubian campaign that Hatshepsut undertook was a success proving her military prowess and capable leadership, the following graffito depicts her campaign â€Å"I followed the good god, the king of Upper and Lower Egypt Makare, may she live! I saw when she overthrew the Nubian bowmen and when their chiefs were brought to him as living captives, I saw when he razed Nubia, I being in her majesty’s following† (graffito in Arkell,1961). At the time of Hatshepsut the Egyptian army was a well organised and highly professional force, this then allowed Thutmosis III able soldiers for his campaigns. Therefore Hatshepsut’s reign is perceived as peaceful, conservative and isolationist and is often criticized but her reign embodies all the elements of a successful military ruler whose main focus was upon internal development. The construction of Egypt as a major imperial power was due to Hatshepsut’s contributions to the greatness of Egypt. Under her reign architecture and the economy flourished. Which allowed for a politically stable environment and unparalleled economic strength from which Thutmosis III used as his launching pad for his conquests. Her military prowess although never forcefully exerted was present. Her reign allowed the best imperialist expansion policy Egypt had under Thutmosis. Therefore Hatshepsut’s reign had the most important contributions to Egyptian greatness than any other of the 18th Dynasty rulers, this mostly is own to her remarkable internal development policies of trade and commerce.

Philosopher’s Argument from Contingency

The Argument from Contingency in the world of Philosophy falls from asking the question â€Å"is the Universe Contingent?†Ã‚   But how can we say that the universe does appear to be contingent?In layman’s term, contingent means when a particular thing exists for the basic reason of chance and possibilities. Some things are created and formulated by people for the necessity’s sake. It can or can not exist.However in philosophy, contingent things are being categorize exclusively from the creation of people, planet, galaxy and the universe as a whole where humans can not possibly create them. Contingent things are caused to exist by something or someone else. Something must have produced them. The argument from contingency is used by some philosophers as an attempt to discuss and prove the existence of God.In philosophy, the argument of contingency is correlated to the existence of God and whether the existence of the universe is caused by God. There are three premi ses in this argument.First premise says that everything exists has an explanation of its existence either in the necessity of its own nature or in an external cause. Relating to the first premise, the universe then has an explanation of its existence and that reason is God. Therefore the explanation of the universe’s existence is God which means God exists (William 2007).Philosophy also started from the journey of seeking whether the existence of the Universe had a beginning or a caused. In Aquinas attempt to explain the existence of God, he formulated the Quinque viae or five proofs for the existence of God.The basic premise of these five arguments is that something caused the universe to exist. One of the arguments created that will be discussed on this paper is the argument from contingency. In this argument, it simply says that the world must have a beginning and God is the first cause so He therefore exists. Ordinary people who have weak foundation and curiosity when it comes to faith may just easily believe in this kind of conclusion.However thinkers and believers will definitely see flaws from this argument which allotted some philosophers to discuss and dig deeper the concept of this argument. In the end, it was concluded by some philosophers that the argument from contingency is invalid proof for God’s existence.To better understand the Argument from Contingency of Aquinas, it is important to critically discuss it. Aquinas observed that in nature there are things whose existence is contingent, it can or can not exist. Since it is possible for such things not to exist, there must be some time at which such things did not in fact exist.Thus, on probabilistic grounds, there must have been a time when nothing existed. If that is so, there would exist nothing that could bring anything into existence. Thus contingent beings are insufficient to account for the existence of contingent beings, meaning there must exist a Necessary Being for which it is impossible not to exist, and from which the existence of all contingent beings is derived (Argument from Contingency†).In general, the first cause in this argument should not require a cause since the chain of cause and effects can not be of infinite length. Therefore, there must be a cause which is God that doesn’t necessarily have to be an effect.Hume treatment on the argument from the contingency is reflected on his â€Å"Dialogue Concerning Natural Religion, Part IX† through the dialogue of Demea and Cleanthes. Hume contended that when we speak of cause we mean an explanation for an event. If that is so, surely at best it remains an assumption that every event must have a cause; for no one has ever provided explanations for every event that has occurred (Tobin 2000).  Hume claimed that even if it can be proved that a necessary being existed, it still fell short of showing that God as traditionally conceived and described existed. All it shows is that there is a necessary being of some sort. Why, Hume asked, couldn’t the universe itself be the necessary being that the argument seeks to demonstrate? (â€Å"An Argument for the Contingency of the Universe†).The idea of Kant about the caused or the existence of God can be explored too. Kant pointed out that the principle of there being a cause for every event applies, especially the existence of the universe, is only known to us through the world of our sense experience. People are not even sure whether the rational way of humans’ thinking actually has reached the origins of causes and explanations. What we assume to be the first cause may just as well be due to our ignorance of the cause and explanation for it (Tobin 2000).In other words, even great thinkers can not be sure whether their sense of experience and reason already reach the idea of the caused. For Kant and Hume, the argument from Contingency is obviously invalid to prove the existence of God.Philosop her Samuel Clarke also had a version related to argument from Contingency of Aquinas. There are three premises in Samuel Clarke’s version of the cosmological argument.Clarke states that every being that exists or ever did exist is either a dependent being or a self- existent being. Like the argument from contingency, Clarke also believes that not every being can be a dependent being. Therefore, there must exist a self existent being that may or may have a cause. God exists according to Clarke but He exists as an independent being that has no cause.F.C. Copleston and Bertrand Russell’s debate on the existence of a ‘cause’ is one of the most famous and substantial argument from contingency in the contemporary world.Their debate about God’s existence in 1948 is the most enduring version and analysis about the existence of God. Copleston argues on behalf of the existence of God by reviewing and reweaving Aquinas’ argument of contingency.Russell o n the other hand gave three principal objections to the argument of contingency namely: the unreality of modality, the unreality of causation and the unreality of the world as a totality (Koons, 2000).F.C. Copleston starts out by saying that all beings and circumstances are contingent. These contingent beings must have a beginning and this beginning exists and is necessary for the existence of all other contingent beings. Copleston says, â€Å"Something does exist; therefore, there must be something which accounts for this fact, a being which is outside the series of contingent beings.†It means that contingent beings do not have a reason to exist without some beginning.   This leads to the concept of God being there who exist for the universe’s existence. In the debate, he also says that He is His own sufficient reason; and he is not a cause for Himself.Only contingent beings needs a cause but God as not contingent doesn’t need a cause. Copleston also conclude d that the existence of God is the only rational explanation to the people’s moral order of thinking. Thus, a person who loves goodness and who acknowledges moral rightness loves and acknowledges God (â€Å"A Debate on the Argument from Contingency 1948†).Bertrand Russell on the other hand, opposes Copleston on his view of the existence of God. He states that he does not agree with the suggestion of the word contingent and said it is a useless word unless it will be deeply analyzed.So the concept of a necessary being is even more senseless to him. He also does not think that the word universe has any in depth meaning of its own. Russell’s strongly claims that there is no overall cause for the things of this world just like the whole human race cannot have one mother.Russell’s overall claim as oppose to the argument from contingency is that â€Å"there is no overall cause for the things of this world. He claims that there is no overall reason or cause for the existence of the universe. The world exists in its own sake and its just there and no particular meaning or purpose of its own. In answering Copleston idea of moral code imposed to human beings, Russell said that the human judgment of right and wrong is just brought about by experience.Classic and contemporary philosophers gave different point of views on the Aquinas’s argument from contingency but until now despite the liberation of thoughts, no great thinker can fully prove the existence of God.One, either believer or non believer, will always ask the question if God exists where did God came from. This is the Kant’s idea that something beyond the universe can not be fully grasp by any kind of human thinking. As long as God does not revealed Himself personally and literally in this world, there will always be agnostic and sceptics about His existence.Works Cited Page:Craig, William. Subject 2007: Argument from Contingency. Reasonable Faithwith William Lane Craig .http://www.reasonablefaith.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5847Tobin Paul 2000, Thomas Aquinas and the Five Ways. The Rejection of  Pascal's Wager, A Skeptics Guide to Chistianityhttp://www.geocities.com/paulntobin/aquinas.html#2wayâ€Å"An Argument for the Contingency of the Universe† 2007. Undetached Rabbit  Parts. Western Michigan University. 2007http://wmuphilosophy.blogspot.com/â€Å"Argument from Contingency†. Encyclopedia.http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Argument- from-contingency#The_argument_from_contingencyTeuberr, Andreas 2008. â€Å"Four of Aquinas' Five Ways and Samuel Clarke'sVersion†. Cosmological Argument. Brandeis University. The President and Fellows of Harvard College.http://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/philcosmo.htmlKoons, Robert 2000. Defeasible Reasoning, Special Pleading and the  Cosmological Argument. University of Texas.http://www.arn.org/docs/koons/rk_defeasible.htmâ€Å"A Debate on the Argument from Contingency of Fat her F.C. Copleston andBertrand Russell† 1948. Third Program of the British Broadcasting Corporation.http://www.catholicapologetics.info/catholicteaching/philosophy/conting.htm